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Latin name	Oecopetalum greenmanii Standl. & Steyerm.
Family	Icacinaceae
Distribution	SC SE North America (S Mexico to Costa Rica)
North America distribution zone	SC SE
Height	L
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	Greenman oecopetalum
French name	oecopetalum de Greenman
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Oenocarpus Mart.
Family	Palmae
Distribution
North America distribution zone
Height
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Jessenia H.Karst.
English name	oenocarpus
French name	oenocarpe
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Oenocarpus bataua Mart.
Family	Palmae
Distribution	SE North America (Panama) South America (tropics)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	L
Foliage
Ecology	sci
Use	dr (oil used in the treatment of asthma, oil to prevent boldness, shampoo) fd (fruits: drink, oil) fr ma (fibers from leaves sheath used as arrows) pl ti (roof of rustic houses, trunk: bows)
Synonym	Jessenia bataua (Mart.) Burret Jessenia bataua (Mart.) Burret ssp. bataua Jessenia polycarpa H.Karst. Jessenia weberbaueri Burret
English name	bataua oenocarpus; tooroo, toru (Guyana)
French name	oenocarpe bataua
Spanish name	aricacuá, aricaguá (Colombia, Venezuela); batauá (Colombia); chapil (Colombia, Ecuador); come, comee, comenya (Colombia); coroba (Venezuela); cuperi (Colombia); curuba (Venezuela); hunguravi (Peru, Venezuela); jagua (Trinidad, Venezuela); majo (Bolivia); maripa de montaña (Guianas); mil pesos, milpesa, milpeso, obango (Colombia); palma de jagua (Trinidad, Venezuela); palma de leche (Colombia, Venezuela); palma patavona (French Guiana); palma real (Venezuela); palma resina (Colombia); palma seje, palma zamora (Venezuela); patabá, patahuá, patauá, patawa (Colombia); sacumana (Peru); seje (Colombia, Venezuela); seje grande, seje hembra (Venezuela); shimbi-muyo (Ecuador); sinami (Peru); unamá, unamo, unamu (Colombia, Venezuela); ungurabe (Peru); ungurahua (Ecuador); ungurahui, ungurauy (Peru); yacohañu (Colombia); yagua (Trinidad)
Other name	batauá (Brazil); batawa (carib, Guyana); batawo (West Indies); bocohañu, boreyabeñu, cohañu (cubeo, Colombia); comenyá, commé (muinane and huitoto, Colombia); cuuruhu (bora, Peru); duebocohañu (cubeo, Colombia); koanani (yanomama, Brazil); komaíhe (huitoto, Colombia); komboe (Suriname); kuanamré (carib, Venezuela); kuarámo (baré, Venezuela); kuhéri (maquiritare, Venezuela); kunhua (carib, Venezuela); kunku (shuar, Ecuador); kunwada (carib, Venezuela); kunyek (arecuna, Venezuela); kupéri (guahibo, Venezuela); mohee (warrau, Guyana); nijocho (cofán, Ecuador); oruta (chami, Colombia); pacauá (Brazil); palma milpé, patabá (tucano); pataka koemboe (Suriname); patauá (Brazil, Suriname); patuá (Brazil); punáma (curripaco, Venezuela); segen (Brazil); seje o ñumuñu (tucano); socorrong (cholo, Colombia); trupa (chami, Colombia); tsitsihu (bora, Peru); turu (arawak, Guyana); uruta (cholo, Colombia); yaro (baniwa and guarekena, Venezuela); yavecohañu (cubeo); yaveecohañu (cubeo, Colombia);
Trade name

Latin name	Oenocarpus mapora H.Karst.
Family	Palmae
Distribution	SE North America (Costa Rica, Panama) South America (tropics)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	M
Foliage
Ecology
Use	fd (drink, fruits, oil) pl ti
Synonym
English name	mapora oenocarpus; black palm (Panama)
French name	oenocarpe mapora
Spanish name	bacaba (Bolivia); caima, ciamba (Peru); corunto, manaco (Colombia); manquenque (Panama); mapora (Venezuela); maquenca (Panama); milpesillo (Colombia); palma mapora (Venezuela); posuí, posuy, pusuí, pusuy (Colombia); siamba, sinami, sinamillo (Peru); ungurahua pequeña (Ecuador)
Other name	bacaba, bacabaí, bacabao, bacabay, bacabi, bacabinha (Brazil); chimve (quichua, Ecuador); ciambo (Brazil); nijon'cho (cofán, Ecuador); pamihua, sisahua (quichua, Ecuador)
Trade name

Latin name	Oenocarpus panamanus L.H.Bailey
Family	Palmae
Distribution	SE North America (Costa Rica, Panama)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	L
Foliage	E
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	Panama oenocarpus
French name	oenocarpe du Panama
Spanish name	maquenque (Costa Rica, Panama)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Olmediella Baill.
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution
North America distribution zone
Height
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Licopolia Rippa
English name	olmediella
French name	olmédiella
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Olmediella betschleriana (Göpp.) Loes.
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SC SE North America (S Mexico to Nicaragua)
North America distribution zone	SC SE
Height	M
Foliage
Ecology
Use	ex (extinct in wild) pl (in parks and botanic gardens)
Synonym	Croton tuerckheimii Donn.Sm. Dovyalis cesatiana (Baill.) Rippa Ilex betschleriana Göpp. Licopolia sincephala Rippa Olmediella cesatiana Baill. Olmediella ilicifolia Baill. Xylosma aquifolium Sprague
English name	Betschler olmediella
French name	olmédiella de Betschler
Spanish name	cajón de burro, cumbo de cerro (Honduras); manzana, manzanote, roble de montaña, semito (Guatemala)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Olneya A.Gray
Family	Leguminosae
Distribution
North America distribution zone
Height
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	olneya; desert ironwood (USA); tesota
French name	olneya
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Olneya tesota A.Gray
Family	Leguminosae
Distribution	MW SW SC North America (USA: California, Arizona; Mexico: Baja California, Sonora)
North America distribution zone	MW SW SC
Height	S
Foliage	E
Ecology	hel mes xer
Use	fd (the Seri Indians cooked the seeds in several changes of water, then ground them or ate them whole) fr (the leaves are a major food for packrats) fw (excellent fuel) pl (ornamental) ti (figurines) ti(ob) (the Seri have long used the extremely hard wood for boat paddles, clubs, harpoon shafts and pestles)
Synonym
English name	tesota olneya; Arizona-ironwood; desert ironwood (USA); desert-ironwood, ironwood, sonora ironwood, tesota
French name	olneya tesota
Spanish name	arbol de hierro; comitín, palo de hierro, palo fierro (Mexico); palo tinta; tésota (Mexico); uña de gato
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Omphalea L.
Family	Euphorbiaceae
Distribution
North America distribution zone
Height
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	navelspurge
French name	omphalée
Spanish name
Other name	nwazèt, nwazèt peyi (creole, Haiti)
Trade name

Latin name	Omphalea commutata Müll.Arg.
Family	Euphorbiaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Cuba, Haiti)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	M?
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Omplalandria commutata Kuntze
English name	changed navelspurge
French name	omphalée d'Haïti; noisetia, noisetia du pays, noisetier, noisetier du pays (Haiti)
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Omphalea diandra L.
Family	Euphorbiaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Honduras to Panama, West Indies) South America (tropics)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	[S?]?
Foliage
Ecology	hyg
Use
Synonym	Hebecocca panamensis Beurl. Omphalea diandra var. panamensis Klotzsch Omphalea elaeophoroides Steyerm. Omphalea megacarpa Hemsl. Omphalea panamensis (Beurl.) I.M.Johnst.
English name	twostamen navelspurge
French name	omphalée à deux étamines
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Omphalea ekmanii Alain
Family	Euphorbiaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Haiti; Dominican Republic: cordillera central)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology	hyg
Use
Synonym
English name	Ekman navelspurge
French name	omphalée d'Ekman
Spanish name	avellano (Dominican Republic)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Omphalea hypoleuca Griseb.
Family	Euphorbiaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Cuba)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology	calc
Use
Synonym
English name	whitish navelspurge
French name	omphalée blanchâtre
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Omphalea triandra L.
Family	Euphorbiaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Jamaica)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	M
Foliage
Ecology	hyg calc
Use	dr (edible fruits pulp or fruits oil extract for scrofula, intestinal worms, kidney pain and enteritis, fruits oil extract massage or leaves infusion for rickets, leaves infusion taken orally for tuberculosis, bone ailments and lymphadenitis) fd (seeds)
Synonym
English name	Dominican navelspurge; cobnut (Jamaica); Jamaican cobnut; pop nut (Jamaica)
French name	omphalée d'Hispaniola; noisetier, noisetier d'Amérique, noisetier du pays, noisette (Haiti)
Spanish name	avellana, avellana criolla (Dominican Republic); avellano de America, avellano de costa (Cuba)
Other name	nwazèt (creole, Haiti)
Trade name

Latin name	Oplonia Raf.
Family	Acanthaceae
Distribution
North America distribution zone
Height
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	oplonia; pricklybush, ticketwort (Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands)
French name	oplonie
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Oplonia armata (Sw.) Stearn
Family	Acanthaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Jamaica)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	[S]?
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Anthacanthus armatus (Sw.) Nees Justicia armata Sw.
English name	thorny oplonia
French name	oplonie épineuse
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Oplonia armata (Sw.) Stearn var. armata
Family	Acanthaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Jamaica)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	[S]?
Foliage
Ecology	calc serp
Use
Synonym
English name	typical thorny oplonia
French name	oplonie épineuse typique
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia Mill.
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution
North America distribution zone
Height
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Austrocylindropuntia Backeb. Brasiliopuntia (K.Schum.) Berger Consolea Lem. Cylindropuntia (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth Opuntia subgen. Cylindropuntia Engelm. Opuntia subgen. Platopuntia Engelm. Platopuntia (Engelm.) Kreuz. Tephrocactus Lem.
English name	cholla, pricklypear; Indian fig
French name	opuntia
Spanish name	cholla, nopal
Other name	pácac, pótzotz (huasteco, Mexico); néjpal (nahuatl, Mexico)
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia cholla F.A.C.Weber
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution	SW North America (end Mexico: Baja California)
North America distribution zone	SW
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Cylindropuntia cholla (F.A.C.Weber) F.M.Knuth
English name	Mexicalli cholla; Mexican cholla
French name	opuntia du Mexique
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia cochenillifera (L.) Mill.
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution	SC North America (Mexico)
North America distribution zone	SC
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology
Use	dr (the pads are used as a poultice for sores) fr(ob) (cochineal insects: dried bodies used for preparation of carmine) ma pl
Synonym	Cactus cochenillifer L. Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck
English name	cochineal pricklypear; cocheneal nopal cactus (USA); cochineal cactus (Virgin Gorda); cochineal nopalea, cochineal plant
French name	opuntia raquette-douce; raquette douce (Guadeloupe); raquette sans piquant
Spanish name	cactus de cochinilla (España); nopal (Nicaragua); tuna (Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua); tunal, tuno, tuno de Castilla (Guatemala)
Other name	chuh (poconchí, Guatemala); nopal (nahuatl, Central America); pacam (maya, Mexico)
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia eichlamii Rose
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution	SC North America (end Guatemala)
North America distribution zone	SC
Height	[S]
Foliage
Ecology	mes xer
Use
Synonym
English name	Eichlam prickleypear
French name	opuntia d'Eichlam
Spanish name	opuntia, tuna, tuno (Guatemala)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution	SW SC North America (Mexico) int South America (tropics), MW Eurasia (France, Portugal to Yougoslavia, Greece, Creta), N and S Africa and MW MC Oceania (Australia)
North America distribution zone	SW SC
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology
Use	dr (crushed fruits drink for diarrhea and dysentry, fruits juice drink or syrup for cough, roots decoction taken orally as diuretic) fd (fruits) fr (fruits) ma pl (hedge)
Synonym	Cactus ficus-indica L. Opuntia megacantha Salm-Dyck
English name	Indianfig pricklypear; Barbary fig, Indian fig, Indian-fig, mission cactus, mission pricklypear; spineless tuna (Puerto Rico)
French name	opuntia figuier-de-Barbarie; figuier de Barbarie (Morocco); raquette (Haiti)
Spanish name	alquitira, higo chumbo (Dominican Republic); nopal de Castilla, tuna; tuna de España (Puerto Rico); tuna mansa (Dominican Republic)
Other name	hendiya, kermous en nsâra (arabic, Morocco); rakèt (creole, Haiti); tahindit, takennârit (berber, Morocco); zaboul (Morocco)
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia fulgida Engelm.
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution	MW SW SC North America (USA: Arizona, New Mexico; Mexico: Baja California, Sonora)
North America distribution zone	MW SW SC
Height	S?
Foliage	E
Ecology	hel xer
Use	dr (Seri Indians collect black gum nodules from the stem for medicine) fd (Seri Indians collect black gum nodules from the stem for food)
Synonym	Cylindropuntia fulgida (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth
English name	jumping cholla; chain-fruit cholla (USA); cholla, Sonora jumping cholla
French name	opuntia sauteuse
Spanish name	cholla brinca dora, velas de coyote (Mexico)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia hondurensis Standl.
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Honduras)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	Honduras cholla
French name	opuntia du Honduras
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia lutea (Rose) Solomon
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution	SC SE North America (Guatemala to Costa Rica)
North America distribution zone	SC SE
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology	xer?
Use
Synonym	Nopalea lutea Rose
English name	yellow cholla
French name	opuntia jaune
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia moniliformis (L.) Haw. ex Steud.
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Hispaniola, Puerto Rico)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S
Foliage	E
Ecology	xer
Use	fd
Synonym	Cactus moniliformis L. Consolea moniliformis (L.) Britton
English name	necklacelike pricklypear
French name	opuntia patte-de-tortue; patte de tortue, patte tortue, raguette espagnole (Haiti)
Spanish name	alpargata (Dominican Republic); tuna (Puerto Rico)
Other name	pat tòti, rakèt panyòl (creole, Haiti)
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia nashii Britton
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Bahamas)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S?
Foliage
Ecology	xer
Use
Synonym
English name	Nash pricklypear; Nash's purkly pear (Bahamas)
French name	opuntia de Nash
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia rubescens Salm-Dyck ex DC.
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Puerto Rico to Guadeloupe)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology	hel xer
Use	pl
Synonym	Consolea catacantha (Link & Otto) Lem. Consolea guanicana (K.Schum.) F.M.Knuth Consolea rubescens (Salm-Dyck ex DC.) Lem. Opuntia catacantha Link & Otto Opuntia ferox Bello non Haw. Opuntia guanicana K.Schum. ex Gürke Opuntia spinosissima Eggers & Krebs non Mill. Opuntia tuberculata Eggers Opuntia tuna Duss p.p.
English name	reddening pricklypear; prickly pear, sour pricklypear (Puerto Rico); tree cactus (Virgin Island)
French name	opuntia raquette-volante; petites raquettes (Guadeloupe); raquette arborescente à piquants, raquette volante (Lesser Antilles)
Spanish name	tuna (Puerto Rico); tuna de petate; tuna de yagua (Puerto Rico)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Opuntia spinosissima Mill.
Family	Cactaceae
Distribution	SE North America (USA: Florida, Jamaica, Puerto Rico)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology	calc
Use
Synonym	Cactus spinosissimus (Mill.) Martyn Consolea corallicola Small Consolea spinosissima (Mill.) Lem.
English name	spiny pricklypear; prickly pears tree; semaphore pricklypear (USA)
French name	opuntia épineuse
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name