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Latin name	Ximenia americana L.
Family	Olacaceae
Distribution	S North America (tropics) South America, S Eurasia, Africa and N M Oceania (tropics)
North America distribution zone	SW SC SE
Height	S[M]
Foliage	E[D]
Ecology	[hyg] xer calc
Use	dr (fruits are a laxative, fruits syrup taken orally for rheumatism and psoriasis) fd (the acid fruits are edible either raw or cooked and they make a rather refreshing drink) fr fw ma (seed oil) pl pp (good for paper pulp) ti (boxes, cabinet work, crates, fence posts, furniture, general construction, marquetry, ornamental boxes, sandalwood substitute, turned work) tx (leaves for livestock)
Synonym	Amyris arborescens P.Browne Heymassoli inermis Aubl. Heymassoli spinosa Aubl. Pimecaria odorata Raf. Ximenia aculeata Crantz Ximenia aculeata Tussac Ximenia americana var. oblonga A.DC. Ximenia americana var. ovata A.DC. Ximenia americana f. inermis (Aubl.) Engl. Ximenia americana f. inermis S.Moore Ximenia arborescens Tussac ex Walp. Ximenia coriacea auct. non Engl. Ximenia coriacea Valet Ximenia elliptica Spreng. p.p. Ximenia fluminensis M.Roem. Ximenia inermis Crantz Ximenia inermis L. Ximenia inermis Macfad. Ximenia inermis Sandmark Ximenia montana Macfad. Ximenia multiflora Jacq. Ximenia oblonga Lam. ex Hemsl. Ximenia spinosa Salisb. Ximenia verrucosa M.Roem.
English name	American tallowwood; fake sandalwood (USA); false sandalwood, hog plum; hogplum (USA); iguana-berry (Jamaica); monkey plum (USA); olive; seaside-plum (Trinidad); small sourplum (South Africa, Zimbabwe); Spanish plum (Bahamas); tallow nut (USA); tallow wood (Bahamas, Honduras); tallow-plum (Jamaica); tallowwood (Bahamas, USA); wild lime (USA); wild plum; wild-line (Guyana); wild-olive (Jamaica); yellow sanders
French name	ximénie d'Amérique; bois puant (Guadeloupe, Martinique); cerise de mer (Haiti); citron de mer, citronier de mer; croc (Guadeloupe, Martinique); macaby (Haiti); pommette; pommier de Cithère (Mali); prune bord de mer (Martinique); prune bord-de-mer, prune-épice (Guadeloupe, Martinique); prunier de mer
Spanish name	abalche (Guatemala); albarillo, albarillo del campo (Argentina); almendro de costa (Cuba); caco (Dominican Republic); cagalera (Honduras); cagalero (Honduras, Nicaragua); caimito de monte (Colombia); chochomico (Guatemala); chocomico (Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua); ciruelillo (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Mexico); ciruelo (Cuba, Colombia); ciruelo cimarrón (Cuba); cirvelillo, cirvelillo hic-ché (Mexico); cirvelo (Colombia); cirvelo marrón (Cuba); croc (Dominican Republic); espino brujo, espino de brujo (Colombia); hicaco (Cuba, Dominican Republic); jía amarilla, jía manzanilla (Cuba); jicaco (Dominican Republic); jocomico (Nicaragua); kut-ché (Mexico); limoncillo (Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala); limoncillo de playa (Colombia); liquito, manza del diablo, manza guayabo, manzana del diablo, manzana guayaba (Venezuela); manzanilla (Cuba, Guatemala); manzanillo (El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras); manzanita (Nicaragua); membrillo de monte (Guatemala); pata del monte (Argentina); pepe nance (El Salvador); pepe-nance, pepenance (Costa Rica, El Salvador); tepenance (Guatemala); tigrito (Venezuela); tocote de monte (Guatemala); yana, yaná, zarza limón (Cuba)
Other name	ambuy, ameisca, ameisca de espinho, ameixeira de espinho, ameixera del campo (portuguese, Brazil); anomadze (tiv); ax, bider; bu midatibu (gourmanchema); bu ripigna (jola); chabbuli (fuuta jalon); coconyawe (bwa, Burkina Faso and Mali); donga (bambara); dungué (Mali); espinheiro, espinheiro de ameisa (portuguese, Brazil); fransman, franzman moppé (Suriname); gban (senoufo, Mali); guani (Mali); igo (yoruba); ishiri (Bonaire); jocomico (Nicaragua); kagban (senoufo, Mali); kle; kròk (creole, Haiti); leanga (itene); léangha; leega, lega (itene); léga; maa (senoufo, Mali); makabi (creole, Haiti); man (senoufo, Mali); matigué (Sénégal); migliga, milimbu (gourmanchema); moppé (Suriname); morale; moray (djioula); ndogè (malinke, Mali); ngolon (wolof); nongbé (bambara); ntongé, ntonké (bambara, Mali); putzil, saaxnic (Guatemala); sadendagi (hausa); sap (serer); sene (bambara and malinke, Mali); sené (bambara, Mali); seriz mè (creole, Haiti); sinkè (bobo fing, Burkina Faso and Mali); tabburli, téné, tiabule (fulfulde); tiabulé; tiaburli, tiabute (fulfulde, Mali); tonga (bambara); tonkain (Mali); tonké (bambara, Mali); tonkè (malinke, Mali); tsada (hausa); tsu-kra (Costa Rica); tsuda (hausa); umpeque (Angola); wiri (Bonaire); xkuk-ché (Mexico); yana (Cuba); zene (bambara, Mali)
Trade name

Latin name	Ximenia americana L. var. americana
Family	Olacaceae
Distribution	SC SE North America (tropics) South America (tropics)
North America distribution zone	SC SE
Height	M
Foliage	E
Ecology	hyg
Use	dr (seeds as purgative) fd (fruits)
Synonym
English name	typical American tallowwood; sour plum (Belize); tallowwood; wild lime, wild plum (Belize)
French name	ximénie d'Amérique typique; ximénie d'Amérique p.p.
Spanish name	albaricoque (Argentina); cagalera (Belize); chocomico (Nicaragua); ciruelillo (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Mexico); jía manzanilla (Cuba); jocomico (Nicaragua); limoncillo (Colombia, Cuba, Venezuela); manzanilla (Guatemala, Honduras); pepenance (Costa Rica)
Other name	ameixa (Brazil); xkukche (maya, Belize)
Trade name

Latin name	Ximenia pubescens Standl.
Family	Olacaceae
Distribution	SW SC North America (Mexico)
North America distribution zone	SW SC
Height	S?
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	pubescent tallowwood
French name	ximénie pubescente
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Ximenia roigii Léon
Family	Olacaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Cuba)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	Roíg tallowwood
French name	ximénie de Roíg
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia L.
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution
North America distribution zone
Height
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	xylopia
French name	xylopie
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart.
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Central America, West Indies) N MW MC SC South America (Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Peru, Brazil, Paraguay)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	M
Foliage	[D]
Ecology	hel xer acid
Use	dr (fruits infusion in boiled water is reputed to be a remedy for stomachache) fr fw pl sa ti (general carpentry)
Synonym	Uvaria aromatica Lam. Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Eichler Xylopia cubensis A.Rich. Xylopia grandiflora A.St.-Hil. Xylopia grandiflora Griseb. Xylopicrum grandiflorum Kuntze
English name	fragrant xylopia
French name	xylopie aromatique
Spanish name	fruta de burro (Venezuela); majao (Honduras); malagueta, malagueta brava (Cuba); malagueto (Colombia); mangalarga (Nicaragua); matáro, omechuaucaspi (Peru); piraquina (Bolivia); semblé (Colombia)
Other name	chirinyó ipipin (panare, Venezuela); esfola-bainha, pachinhos (Brazil); pidu wala (kuna, Panama); pimenta-de-macaco, pimenta-de-negro (Brazil); tailu (mískito, Honduras)
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia bocatorena Schery
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Nicaragua to Panama)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	M
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	BocasdelToro xylopia
French name	xylopie de Bocas del Toro
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia discreta (L.f.) Sprague & Hutch.
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Panama)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S?
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Unona discreta L.f.
English name	loose xylopia
French name	xylopie molle
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia ekmanii R.E.Fr.
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Cuba)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	M
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	Ekman xylopia
French name	xylopie d'Ekman
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia frutescens Aubl.
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SC SE North America (S Mexico to Panama) N M SC SE South America (Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Peru, Brazil)
North America distribution zone	SC SE
Height	M
Foliage	D
Ecology	hyg
Use	fr ma ti
Synonym	Xylopicrum frutescens Kuntze
English name	shrubby xylopia; polewood (Belize)
French name	xylopie frutescente
Spanish name	brujo, guasco (Colombia); magaleto (Honduras); majagua, malagueta (Costa Rica); malagueto hembra (Panama); manga larga (Costa Rica); mangalarga (Nicaragua); palanca (Honduras); palata (Belize); yaya (Honduras)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia hastarum M.L.Green
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Jamaica)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	M
Foliage
Ecology	calc
Use
Synonym	Xylopia glabra Fawc. & Rendle Xylopia glabra L.
English name	white xylopia; white lancewood (Jamaica)
French name	xylopie hastée
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia macrantha Triana & Planch.
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Costa Rica, Panama) N MW South America (Colombia, Venezuela, Peru)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	L
Foliage
Ecology
Use	fr
Synonym
English name	bigflower xylopia
French name	xylopie à grandes fleurs
Spanish name	corobá (Panama); morro de burro (Colombia); rayado (Panama)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia muricata L.
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Jamaica)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology	calc
Use
Synonym
English name	muricate xylopia; lancewood (Jamaica)
French name	xylopie muriquée
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia obtusifolia (A.DC.) A.Rich.
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Cuba)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	M
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Habzelia obtusifolia A.DC.
English name	obtuseleaf xylopia
French name	xylopie à feuilles obtuses
Spanish name	malagueta (Cuba)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia panamensis G.E.Schatz
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Panama)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	M
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	Panama xylopia
French name	xylopie du Panama
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia roigii P.Wilson
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Cuba)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S?
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym
English name	Roíg xylopia
French name	xylopie de Roíg
Spanish name	yararey (Cuba)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia sericophylla Standl. & L.O.Williams
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Nicaragua, Costa Rica)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	L
Foliage
Ecology
Use	pp (good for paper pulp) ti (boxes, bridge structure, carpentry, crates, flooring, furniture, general heavy construction, interior and exterior construction, poles for cutting bananas)
Synonym
English name	silkyleaf xylopia
French name	xylopie à feuilles soyeuses
Spanish name	flaco, malagueto (Costa Rica); manga larga (Nicaragua); sardino, yayo (Costa Rica)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylopia xylopioides (Dunal) Standl.
Family	Annonaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Panama)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S?
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Unona xylopioides Dunal
English name	falsexylopia xylopia
French name	xylopie fausse-xylopie
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma G.Forst.
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution
North America distribution zone
Height
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Craepaloprumnon (Endl.) H.Karst. Eichlerodendron Briq. Eichlerodendrum Briq. Flacourtia sect. Craepaloprumnon Endl. Hisingera Hell. Koelera Willd. Lighfootia Sw. Myroxylon J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. Rumea Poit.
English name	xylosma
French name	xylosme
Spanish name	caraño, mauro, palo de la cruz, raspa lengua, roseto (Panama)
Other name	pikan wòz (creole, Haiti)
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma bahamensis (Britton) Standl.
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Bahamas)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S?
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Myroxylon bahamense Britton
English name	Bahama xylosma; shake hand (Cayman)
French name	xylosme des Bahamas
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma buxifolia A.Gray
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Bahamas, Lesser Antilles)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	M
Foliage	E
Ecology	mes->xer calc? sili?
Use
Synonym	Casearia variifolia Vict. Drypetes laevigata Griseb. Hisingera elegans Clos Myroxylon buxifolium (A.Gray) Krug & Urb. Myroxylon closii Kuntze Myroxylon dussii (Urb.) P.Wilson Myroxylon ilicifolium (Northr.) Britton Myroxylon infestum (Griseb.) Krug & Urb. Xylosma buxifolia var. pauciflora Wright ex Griseb. Xylosma closeana Triana & Planch. Xylosma dussii Urb. Xylosma ilicifolia Northr. Xylosma infesta Griseb. Xylosma infesta var. rhombea Griseb.
English name	boxleaf xylosma; cockspur (St. Eustatius); wild holly (Bahamas)
French name	xylosme à feuilles de buis; attrape-sot (Guadeloupe); bois de piquant (Lesser Antilles)
Spanish name	hueso de costa (Cuba); mala mujer, mucha gente (Dominican Republic); pega-pega (Cuba); roseta (Dominican Republic, Virgin Gorda)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma characantha Standl.
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SC SE North America (S Mexico to Panama)
North America distribution zone	SC SE
Height	S?
Foliage
Ecology	sci
Use
Synonym
English name	niceflower xylosma
French name	xylosme à belles fleurs
Spanish name	aguja de ara (Belize); aguja de arras (Nicaragua); aguja rabia, copalin, corona, tira-zapato (Belize)
Other name	puntezapat (maya, Belize)
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma chlorantha Donn.Sm.
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SC SE North America (S Mexico to Panama)
North America distribution zone	SC SE
Height	S[M]
Foliage	D
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Myrsine serrata Oerst. Xylosma intermedia auct. non (Seem.) Triana & Planch.
English name	greenflower xylosma
French name	xylosme à fleurs vertes
Spanish name	aguaja de arra, aguja (El Salvador)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma cinerea (Clos) Hemsl.
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SC SE North America (S Mexico to Panama)
North America distribution zone	SC SE
Height	S?
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Flacourtia cinerea Kunth ex Hemsl. Hisingera cinerea Clos Myroxylum cinereum (Clos) Kuntze
English name	ashgrey xylosma
French name	xylosme gris-cendré
Spanish name	ensartaflor (El Salvador)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma coriacea (Poit.) Eichler
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Haiti: Port de Paix, Ile de la Tortue and Dominican Republic: Puerto Plata, Samaná)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Bessera spinosa Spreng. Hisingera nitida Willd. Hisingera rumea Clos Koelera laurifolia Willd. Limacia laurifolia (Willd.) F.G.Dietr. Myroxylon coriaceum (Poit.) Kuntze Rumea coriacea Poit.
English name	Hispaniola xylosma
French name	xylosme d'Hispaniola
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma fawcettii Urb.
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SE North America (end Jamaica)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	M
Foliage
Ecology	calc
Use
Synonym
English name	Fawcett xylosma
French name	xylosme de Fawcett
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma flexuosa (Kunth) Hemsl.
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SC SE North America (USA: S Texas; Mexico to Panama) NC South America (Curaçao)
North America distribution zone	SC SE
Height	S
Foliage
Ecology	[calc]
Use	dr fw
Synonym	Flacourtia celastrina Kunth Flacourtia flexuosa Kunth Hisingera celastrina (Kunth) Clos Hisingera flexuosa (Kunth) Clos Hisingera nitida auct. non Hell. Hisingera obovata (C.Presl) Clos Hisingera paliura Clos Hisingera puberula Schltdl. & Cham. Myroxylon celastrineum (Kunth) Kuntze Myroxylon flexuosum (Kunth) Kuntze Myroxylon nitidum A.Gray ex Millsp. Myroxylon paliurus (Clos) Kuntze Myroxylon pringlei (Rob.) Warb. Myroxylon seemannii (Triana & Planch.) Kuntze Prockia obovata C.Presl Xylosma anisophylla Standl. Xylosma arnoldii Monach. Xylosma blepharodes Lundell Xylosma celastrina (Kunth) Gilg Xylosma celastrina (Kunth) Standl. & Steyerm. Xylosma nitida auct. non (Hell.) A.Gray Xylosma nitida Hemsley Xylosma paliura (Clos) Briq. Xylosma palmeri Rose Xylosma pringlei Rob. Xylosma salzmannii auct. non (Clos) Eichl. Xylosma seemannii Triana & Planch.
English name	tortuous xylosma; brush-holly (USA); cow okra (Belize)
French name	xylosme tortueuse
Spanish name	aguja de ara (Honduras); aguja de arrea (El Salvador); alfiler, alfilerillo, escoba blanca de montaña (Guatemala); paiputo (Costa Rica); pepenance (El Salvador); pico de burrión, pico de gurrión, putzil (Guatemala)
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma hispidula Standl.
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SE North America (Nicaragua to Panama)
North America distribution zone	SE
Height	S?
Foliage
Ecology	sci hyg
Use
Synonym
English name	hispid xylosma
French name	xylosme hispide
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma horrida Rose
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SC SE North America (Mexico: Chiapas to Costa Rica)
North America distribution zone	SC SE
Height	M
Foliage
Ecology
Use
Synonym	Myroxylum horridum (Rose) Standl.
English name	thorny xylosma
French name	xylosme épineuse
Spanish name
Other name
Trade name

Latin name	Xylosma intermedia (Seem.) Triana & Planch.
Family	Flacourtiaceae
Distribution	SC SE North America (Mexico to Panama) South America (tropics)
North America distribution zone	SC SE
Height	L
Foliage
Ecology	hel
Use	ti
Synonym	Eichlerodendron calophyllum (Griseb. ex Eichl.) Briq. Eichlerodendron intermedium (Seem.) Sleumer Eichlerodendron mexicanum Sleumer Flacourtia calophylla Benth. Flacourtia racemosa C.Presl non (Sieb. & Succ.) Miq. Hisingera intermedia Seem. Myroxylon calophyllum (Griseb.) Kuntze Myroxylon intermedium (Seem.) Kuntze Xylosma albida Lundell Xylosma calophylla Griseb. ex Eichl. Xylosma excelsa Standl. & L.O.Williams Xylosma prunifolia auct. non (Kunth) Triana & Planch.
English name	intermediate xylosma
French name	xylosme intermédiaire
Spanish name	aguja de arra (El Salvador); huitite, paiputo (Costa Rica)
Other name
Trade name